The 7 Oldest Dog Breeds in History

Dogs have earned the title of man's best friend, and recent research suggests they may have held that role far longer than we once believed. While countless breeds trace back centuries, a handful reach back thousands of years to the earliest days of human companionship.

Below are seven of the oldest documented dog breeds, along with a bit of history behind each one. Modern pups descend from ancient working, hunting, and guardian dogs like these, and you can explore the breeds we carry today on our dog breeds page.

Akita Inu — Roughly 10,000 Years

The Akita Inu originated in the mountains of northern Japan. Two varieties exist: a pure Japanese strain known as the Akita-ken, and a typically larger American strain.

This breed carries a short double coat similar to the northern spitz breeds, a trait shared by cold-weather companions like the Siberian Husky. Strong, loyal, and intensely focused, the Akita has been a devoted partner for millennia. You can read more about its lineage in the American Kennel Club's Akita breed profile.

Greenland Sled Dog — Roughly 9,500 Years

Sturdy, powerful, and heavily built, the Greenland Sled Dog features a wedge-shaped head, slightly tilted eyes, and small triangular ears. A thick, insulating coat helps protect it against frostbite in harsh Arctic conditions.

This breed has a long history as a hardworking, loyal partner, prized above all for its remarkable stamina across vast frozen distances.

Afghan Hound — Roughly 8,000 Years

Though some believe the Afghan Hound came from the deserts of Egypt, its name points elsewhere. The more likely story is that it was bred by the nomadic people of Afghanistan and neighboring regions.

These dogs were used to hunt fast, formidable game such as antelope and leopards. Swift and single-minded on the chase, the Afghan Hound has one of the longest recorded histories of any sighthound.

Greyhound — Roughly 8,000 Years

Across the British Isles and continental Europe, the Greyhound was originally used to course deer for both meat and sport. Over thousands of years, its gentle, affectionate temperament turned it into a beloved family companion.

The Greyhound is also famously fast, capable of sustaining high speeds over distance. Today it holds the title of fastest dog breed in the world, clocking in at around 45 mph.

Basenji — Roughly 5,000 Years

The Basenji traces its lineage from ancient pariah dogs to the Egyptians and later to the hunting tribes of the Congo. Known for running in near-silent packs, Basenjis often wore bells so their human partners could track them through dense jungle.

A tremendous hunter with impressive stamina and loyalty, the Basenji has won human hearts for thousands of years.

Tibetan Mastiff — Roughly 5,000 Years

The large Tibetan Mastiff originated in China and is often described as magnificent and alert as a lion. For thousands of years it served as a powerful, imposing estate guardian across Tibet.

Protective and loyal with an intimidating presence, these dogs are highly intelligent but can be stubborn. Most experts recommend beginning training at a young age for the best results, and the AKC's Tibetan Mastiff overview offers helpful guidance.

Saluki — Roughly 5,000 Years

The Saluki is one of the oldest breeds on record, appearing on Middle Eastern artifacts including tomb paintings and mosaic sculptures. Unlike many hunting dogs that rely on scent, the Saluki tracks prey with its extraordinary vision.

Strong, alert, and remarkably fast, the Saluki has a long, proven history of working alongside people.

Ancient Roots, Modern Companions

These seven breeds remind us just how deeply dogs are woven into human history. While we don't carry these particular ancient breeds, that same loyalty and companionship lives on in the puppies waiting for a home today.

Come meet our available puppies at Petland Pensacola, and ask our team about flexible financing and payment options to help welcome your new best friend home.